On 30 December 2025, Directive (EU) 2025/2647 was published in the Official Journal of the European Union. It amends Directive 2013/11/EU on consumer alternative dispute resolution and modifies Directives (EU) 2015/2302, (EU) 2019/2161 and (EU) 2020/1828 following the discontinuation of the European online dispute resolution platform. The new directive introduces significant changes to the EU regulatory framework on consumer alternative dispute resolution (ADR). While preserving the voluntary and out-of-court nature of ADR, the directive strengthens its role in cross-border consumer disputes and extends its scope of application to situations involving traders established in third countries, by using connecting factors closely aligned with the Rome I and Brussels I bis Regulations.
